Charles Lucien Bonaparte
Charles Lucien Bonaparte
Born	May 24, 1803
Died	July 29, 1857
Nationality	French
Fields	naturalist

Charles Lucien (Carlo) Jules Laurent Bonaparte, 2nd Prince of Canino and Musignano (May 24, 1803 – July 29, 1857) was a French naturalist and ornithologist. He was the son of Lucien Bonaparte and Alexandrine de Bleschamp, and nephew of Emperor Napoleon.

Bonaparte was raised in Italy and, after his marriage to his cousin Zenaida on June 29, 1822 in Brussels, travelled to the United States. Before leaving Italy he had already discovered a warbler new to science, the Moustached Warbler, and on the voyage he collected specimens of a new storm-petrel. On arrival in the United States he presented a paper on this new bird, which was later named after Alexander Wilson.

Bonaparte then set about updating Wilson’s American Ornithology, and the revised edition was published between 1825 and 1833. In 1824 Bonaparte tried to get the then unknown John James Audubon accepted by the Academy of Natural Sciences, but this was opposed by the ornithologist George Ord.

At the end of 1826, Bonaparte and his family returned to Europe. He visited Germany, where he met Philipp Jakob Cretzschmar, and England, where he met John Edward Gray at the British Museum, and renewed his acquaintance with Audubon. In 1828 the family settled in Rome. Between 1832 and 1841 Bonaparte published his work on the animals of Italy, Iconografia della Fauna Italica.

In 1849 he was elected to the Roman Assembly and participated in the creation of the Roman Republic. According to Jasper Ridley, when the Assembly convened for the first time: “When the name of Carlo Bonaparte, who was a member for Viterbo, was called, he replied to the roll-call by calling out Long live the Republic!” . He participated in the defense of Rome against the 40,000 French troops sent by his cousin Louis Napoleon. He left Rome after the Republican army was defeated in July 1849. He landed at Marseilles but was ordered to leave the country by Louis Napoleon.

He travelled to England, attending the meeting of the British Association in Birmingham. He then visited Sir William Jardine in southern Scotland. Charles then began work on preparing a methodical classification of all the birds in the world, visiting museums across Europe to study the collections. During this time he was allowed to return to France, and he made Paris his home for the rest of his life. He published the first volume of his Conspectus Generum Avium before his death, the second volume being edited by Hermann Schlegel.

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Serie A 2007-08 team distribution

The 2007-08 Serie A football season was the seventy-sixth since its establishment, and started on August 26, 2007 and ended on May 18, 2008. Internazionale successfully defended the championship on the final day of the season, finishing first with 85 points, three ahead of AS Roma.

Events

Plusvalenze investigation

Inquiries are being conducted by the CO.VI.SOC. (Italian football’s financial watchdogs) into the finances of four Serie A clubs (Internazionale, Milan, Sampdoria, and Reggina) who stand accused of falsely inflating player values - a practice known as plusvalenze in Italian - in order to qualify financially for the 2005-06 Serie A campaign. If the allegations prove true, penalties could range from fines to point deductions, relegation to Serie B, and even the stripping of Internazionale’s 2005-06 scudetto (which was actually stripped from Juventus as a result of the Calciopoli scandal before being awarded to Internazionale).

Lazio fan killed by police

Banner depicting Gabriele Sandri, displayed by Lazio supporters in the Curva Nord of the Stadio Olimpico in Rome.

In the morning of November 11, 2007 26-year old Lazio fan Gabriele Sandri, a DJ from Rome, was killed, apparently by a policeman, after the police had clashed with Juventus ultras on the A1 Motorway service station of Badia al Pino in Arezzo. Early reports suggested that a stray bullet from a gun, set to distract the group of ultras, hit the Lazio fan in the neck as he sat in a car and killed him. An emergency meeting set up between Lega Calcio president Antonio Matarrese and police chief Antonio Manganelli decided that the game between Inter and Lazio would be called off, but the rest of the fixtures would go ahead that day, starting at a slightly later time (about 10 minutes later). The Atalanta–Milan game was eventually suspended following unrest caused by local ultras attempting to break off the protection glass in order to invade the pitch and stop the match. Later in the afternoon, the Italian Football Federation chose to postpone also the game between AS Roma and Cagliari, whose kick off was scheduled for 8.30 pm at Stadio Olimpico, Rome. However, this did not prevent violent riots, as hundreds of armed hooligans attacked a police barracks and the CONI (Italian Olympic National Committee) headquarters in Rome.

Sandri’s death was later shown to have been caused by a tragic error by a policeman who allegedly did not recognize him as a football fan. Prosecutors then opted initially to open an inquiry into manslaughter against the policeman.

Final week

The championship was assigned in the final week, as Inter, who managed to secure even a 10-point advantage to rivals Roma in mid-season, lost almost all of it in the final weeks, maintaining only a one-point advantage with only one match to play. In the final week, both Inter and Roma were scheduled to play away matches opposed to relegation-battling sides, respectively Parma and Catania. Both matches were successively forbidden to be attended by Inter and Roma fans. In the end, Inter secured the scudetto with a 2–0 win, with both goals being scored in the second half by Zlatan Ibrahimovi?, who recovered from a long-time injury right in time to play the game, whereas Roma only managed to achieve a 1–1 draw at Stadio Angelo Massimino against Walter Zenga’s Catania, a result which allowed the Sicilian side to escape relegation at the expense of Empoli and Parma.

2007-2008 teams

League table

Last updated: May 18, 2008
Source: Serie A
Rules for classification: 1^st points; 2^nd head-to-head points; 3^rd head-to-head goal difference; 4^th head-to-head goals scored; 5^th goal difference; 6^th goals scored.
¹ The 7th-placed team qualified for the UEFA Cup due to both of the Coppa Italia finalists, Roma and Internazionale, finishing 6th or higher.
^* Cagliari was deducted 3 points for filing an unauthorized lawsuit, but the penalty was later reversed.
P = Position; Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; GF = Goals for; GA = Goals against; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points; (C) = Champion; (R) = Relegated; (P) = Promoted.
Head-to-Head: used when two or more teams need the head-to-head rules to break a tie.

2007-2008 results table

• Please note that the home teams are read down the left hand side while the away teams are indicated along the top.

updated to games played May 17, 2008

Top goalscorers

Only players with at least 10 goals

Updated to games played May 17, 2008

21 goals

• Alessandro Del Piero (Juventus)

20 goals

• David Trezeguet (Juventus)

19 goals

• Marco Borriello (Genoa)

17 goals

• Antonio Di Natale (Udinese)
• Zlatan Ibrahimovi? (Internazionale)
• Adrian Mutu (Fiorentina)

15 goals

• Amauri (Palermo)
• Kaká (Milan)

14 goals

• Goran Pandev (Lazio)
• Tommaso Rocchi (Lazio)
• Francesco Totti (Roma)

13 goals

• Julio Ricardo Cruz (Internazionale)
• Massimo Maccarone (Siena)

12 goals

• Nicola Amoruso (Reggina)
• Claudio Bellucci (Sampdoria)
• Cristiano Doni (Atalanta)
• Fabio Quagliarella (Udinese)

11 goals

• Filippo Inzaghi (Milan)

10 goals

• Robert Acquafresca (Cagliari)
• Antonio Cassano (Sampdoria)
• Francesco Tavano (Livorno)

Coaches

2007-08 events

• Atalanta: on June 9, 2007 Luigi Del Neri was announced as new head coach following Stefano Colantuono’s departure to Palermo.
• Cagliari: on November 13 Cagliari chairman Massimo Cellino sacked Marco Giampaolo and replaced him with veteran coach Nedo Sonetti, who already served twice with the rossoblu before this new appointment. On December 19 Sonetti tendered his resignation, after he managed to achieve only one point in three matches in charge, and Cellino called Giampaolo to serve again as rossoblu head coach. However, Giampaolo, still linked to Cagliari by a contract, turned down the opportunity to return. The next day, the club announced that it had rejected Sonetti’s resignation. Sonetti was ultimately sacked only a few days later, on December 27, following a crushing 5–1 loss to Fiorentina, and replaced by Davide Ballardini, who served as Cagliari head coach in the early weeks of the 2005–06 season.
• Catania: on June 3, 2007 Silvio Baldini was announced as new head coach. The team initially enjoyed a good shape, notably gaining a spot in the Coppa Italia semi-finals, but lost position with time, being in 16th place as of Week 31, only three points ahead of last-placed Empoli, convincing Baldini to leave the club with mutual consent on March 31, 2008. He was replaced the next day by Walter Zenga, former head coach of Red Star Belgrade and Steaua Bucharest, at his first coaching experience with a Serie A team.
• Empoli: on November 26, 2007 the Tuscan side chose to sack Luigi Cagni, who achieved only ten points in fourteen matches (18th place in the league table) and failed to win the UEFA Cup 2007-08 first round, replacing him with Alberto Malesani. On March 31, 2008, after a 2–0 home loss to Sampdoria which left Empoli alone in last place, the board decided to sack Malesani, reinstalling Cagni in charge.
• Juventus: on June 4, 2007 former Parma head coach Claudio Ranieri was unveiled as new boss.
• Livorno: on October 9, 2007 Fernando Orsi was sacked following a string of poor results that brought the team down to bottom place in the league with two points and no win after seven games. The position was then filled by Giancarlo Camolese the next day. Camolese initially managed to improve Livorno’s performances; however in the final part of the season Livorno entered into a deep result crisis that led them down to the league bottom, with three matches remaining, and Camolese being ultimately sacked on April 28, 2008, with Orsi re-appointed back at the helm of the amaranto.
• Palermo: on June 7, 2007 Stefano Colantuono of Atalanta was announced to be the next rosanero boss for the 2007-08 season. However, on November 26 Colantuono was sacked following a 5–0 defeat to Juventus, and club chairman Maurizio Zamparini appointed Francesco Guidolin as his replacement, inaugurating a fourth spell with Palermo for the tactician. However, results did not improve under Guidolin, and three consecutive losses, followed by some controversial post-match comments in a 2–3 home loss to Genoa on March 22, 2008 led Zamparini to re-appoint Colantuono at the helm of the rosanero on March 24.
• Parma: on June 12, 2007 Domenico Di Carlo was announced as new boss following the departure of Claudio Ranieri. However, as Parma struggled to keep themselves off the relegation battle, Di Carlo was sacked on March 10, 2008 following a 1–2 home defeat to Sampdoria. The next day the club announced to have appointed Héctor Cúper as new head coach. The Argentine boss did not manage to improve results, with Parma finding themselves in 18th place with only one remaining match to be played at home against first-placed Internazionale, only two points behind the last Serie A spot. On May 12 Parma chairman Tommaso Ghirardi then surprisingly announced to have sacked Cúper, replacing him with youth team coach Andrea Manzo for the final league matchday in a desperate attempt to escape relegation.
• Reggina: on June 23, 2007 news reports announced Massimo Ficcadenti as new boss following the departure of Walter Mazzarri. However, on June 27 Verona announced they were not giving Ficcadenti permission to leave the club and move to Reggina. On July 1, Reggina finally announced on their website to have appointed Ficcadenti as coach, after he successfully rescinded his contract with Verona. Ficcadenti was however sacked on November 1, following a 3–1 home loss to last-placed Livorno and no wins in the first ten league days, and veteran coach Renzo Ulivieri was appointed to replace him. However, on March 3, 2008 the club management decided to dismiss Ulivieri from his post following a 0–0 home draw to Palermo, as Reggina was filling the 19th place with 22 points, and replaced him with team scout and former youth team coach Nevio Orlandi.
• Sampdoria: on May 31, 2007 Walter Mazzarri was named new Samp boss.
• Siena: on June 12, 2007 Andrea Mandorlini was confirmed new head coach following separation by mutual consent between the club and its boss Mario Beretta. However Mandorlini was sacked on November 12, after a 2–3 home loss to Livorno which left the team in last place, and Beretta accepted to return at Siena.
• Torino: on June 6, 2007 former Sampdoria boss Walter Novellino was announced head coach for the new season, replacing Gianni De Biasi. On April 16, 2008, following a string of disappointing results that left the granata only four points ahead the relegation zone, leading to heavy criticisms from the supporting fanbase, Torino president Urbano Cairo chose to sack Novellino and reappoint De Biasi, a fan favourite, as head coach.
• Udinese: on June 5, 2007 former Catania boss Pasquale Marino was officially unveiled as new head coach.

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People’s Will (Russian: ???ó???? ?ó??, Narodnaya Volya) is a political party in Pridnestrovie (Transnistria). It is affiliated with the Russian nationalist Party of National Revival “Narodnaya Volya” led by State Duma Vice Speaker Sergey Baburin.

It was formed on 11 December 2006 by members of Transnistria’s parliament. Its leader is Oleg Gudymo, a Transnistrian MP. Another Transnistrien MP, Grigore M?r?cu??, was present at the founding congress as well as Sergey Baburin and Nataliya Vitrenko, the leader of the left-wing Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine.

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Homer Township, Ohio
Municipalities and townships of Morgan County.
Coordinates: 39°29?58?N 82°0?52?W? / ?39.49944, -82.01444
Country	United States
State	Ohio
County	Morgan
Area
- Total	38.3 sq mi (99.2 km2)
- Land	37.7 sq mi (97.7 km2)
- Water	0.6 sq mi (1.5 km2)
Elevation	810 ft (247 m)
Population (2000)
- Total	976
- Density	25.9/sq mi (10.0/km2)
Time zone	Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
- Summer (DST)	EDT (UTC-4)
FIPS code	39-36092
GNIS feature ID	1086687

Homer Township is one of the fourteen townships of Morgan County, Ohio, United States. The 2000 census found 976 people in the township.

Geography

Located in the southwestern corner of the county, it borders the following townships:

• Union Township - north
• Marion Township - east
• Bern Township, Athens County - southeast corner
• Ames Township, Athens County - south
• Dover Township, Athens County - southwest corner
• Trimble Township, Athens County - west
• Monroe Township, Perry County - northwest

No municipalities are located in Homer Township.

Name and history

Statewide, the only other Homer Township is located in Medina County.

Government

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township clerk, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the clerkship or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.

As of 2007, the trustees are Greg Cable, James Hogue, and Jim Keirns, and the clerk is Brenda Custer.

References

1. ^ ^{a b} “US Board on Geographic Names”. United States Geological Survey (2007-10-25). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
2. ^ “American FactFinder”. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
3. ^ Morgan County, Ohio — Population by Places Estimates Ohio State University, 2007. Accessed 15 May 2007.
4. ^ Homer Twp., Morgan County. Accessed 2007-07-02.

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This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia’s quality standards. Please improve this article if you can. (January 2007)

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Coordinates: 22°43?31?S 47°38?57?W? / ?other data for -22.72528 -47.64917″>-22.72528, -47.64917

Piracicaba
Flag Seal
Location of Piracicaba
Coordinates: data for 22°43?30?S 47°38?56?W”>22°43?30?S 47°38?56?W? / ?-22.725, -47.64889
Country	Brazil
Region	Southeast
State	São Paulo
Government
- Mayor	Barjas Negri (PSDB)
Area
- Total	1,369 km2 (528.6 sq mi)
Time zone	UTC-3 (UTC-3)
Website: http://www.piracicaba.sp.gov.br

Piracicaba is a city located in the Brazilian state of São Paulo. The population in 2004 was 355,039 in an area of 1,371.8 km², at an elevation of 547 m above sea level.

The place name comes from a word in the Tupi language that means “place where the fishes stop”. The name is due to the waterfalls of the Piracicaba river that bisect the city, where the “piracema” (fish swimming upstream to reproduce) or larger fish species such as the dourados can still be observed.

It is famous for sugarcane plantations, traditional cane spirit production and traditional music. The city houses the oldest agricultural faculty in Brazil, the Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz of the University of São Paulo. This faculty is more than 100 years old and is located on a farm with a large collection of trees and plants. Piracicaba is known by the nickname “Noiva da Colina” (bride of the hills). Every year Piracicaba is host to the “Festa das Nações” (Fair of the Countries), where people may find foods from all over the world, and the “Salão Internacional do Humor” (International Humor Exposition), where many cartoonists from all over the world display their comic drawings.

In 1766, Antonio Correa Barbosa, charged with the task of establishing a settlement on the Piracicaba river’s estuary, opted for a location about 90 km from it. Piracicaba was officially founded in August 1, 1767.

Piracicaba’s economy is fueled in part by the rapidly expanding sugar-cane industry. The harvesting of sugar-cane yields many products, such as sugar, oil, and alcohol. Copersucar, a large company that has a research center focusing on the genetic improvement of sugar-cane, helps fuel this growing industry.

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A Schlemmer fresco (1923)

Oskar Schlemmer (September 4, 1888 – April 13, 1943) was a German painter, sculptor and designer associated with the Bauhaus school. In 1923 he was hired as Master of Form at the Bauhaus theatre workshop, after working some time at the workshop of sculpture. His most famous work is “Triadisches Ballett,” in which the actors are transfigured from the normal to geometrical shapes. Also in Slat Dance and Treppenwitz, the performers’ costumes make them into living sculpture, as if part of the scenery.

Schlemmer’s private letters to, in particular, Otto Meyer and Willi Baumeister, and his personal diary have given valuable insight on what happened at the Bauhaus. Especially, he talks of how the staff and students respond to the many changes to and developments at the school. In 1920 Schlemmer went to work as a teacher at the Bauhaus where he remained for nine years. His complex ideas were influential, making him one of the most important teachers working at the school at that time. However, with the rise of the Nazis at the end of the Twenties, Schlemmer’s work was seen as degenerate and he was dismissed from his post. After using Cubism as a springboard for his structural studies,

Schlemmer’s work became intrigued with the possibilities of figures and their relationship to the space around them, for example ‘Egocentric Space Lines’ (1924). Schlemmer’s characteristic forms can be seen in his sculptures as well as his paintings. Yet he also turned his attention to stage design, first getting involved with this in 1929, executing settings for the opera ‘Nightingale’ and the ballet ‘Renard’ by Igor Stravinsky.

Schlemmer’s ideas on art were complex and challenging even for the progressive Bauhaus movement. His work, nevertheless, was widely exhibited in both Germany and outside the country. His work was a rejection of pure abstraction, instead retaining a sense of the human, though not in the emotional sense but in view of the physical structure of the human. He represented bodies as architectural forms, reducing the figure to a rhythmic play between convex, concave and flat surfaces, and he was fascinated in every movement the body could make, trying to capture it in his work. As well as leaving a large body of work, Schlemmer has also had his theories on art published and a comprehensive book of his letters and diary entries from 1910 to 1943 is also available

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William Hargood
Admiral Sir William Hargood
Born	1762 England
Died	12 December 1839 Bath, England
Resting place	Bath Abbey
Nationality	English
Occupation	Royal Navy Admiral

Admiral Sir William Hargood, KCB, GCH, RN (6 May 1762 - 12 December 1839) was a British naval officer who served with distinction through the American War of Independence, the French Revolutionary War and the Napoleonic Wars, during which he gained an unfortunate reputation for bad luck, which seemed to reverse following his courageous actions at the battle of Trafalgar in command of HMS Belleisle.

Born in 1762 into a poor naval family, the son of a purser, Hargood was able to secure a position as a midshipman on HMS Triumph, on which he served from 1775 until the following year, in which time he made a convoy to Newfoundland, and then moved to HMS Bristol in which he saw the West Indies and American Eastern Seaboard, being heavily in involved in the landing at Fort Moultrie in 1776. In 1781, Hargood was a lieutenant, serving in the sloop HMS Port Royal when Pensacola fell to the Spanish despite his best efforts to keep it supplied, and in 1782 he was on board HMS Magnificent at the battle of the Saintes. Hargood continued in service in American waters beyond the end of the war, remaining there until he met Captain William Henry (who in 1830 would succeed his brother to become King of England). The two became firm friends, and William took him as his first lieutenant aboard the frigate HMS Pegasus and then HMS Andromeda, procuring his promotion in 1789 to commander and getting him the sloop HMS Swallow, which he commanded for year off Ireland before moving to HMS Hyaena and the West Indies when he was made a Post Captain.

Captured by the French in 1793 along with his ship, Hargood was exchanged and honourably acquitted and in 1796 given the 50 gun HMS Leopard, a command which ended in disaster, when he was deposed ashore during the Spithead mutiny. Moving to HMS Nassau and then HMS Intrepid, Hargood convoyed a fleet of East Indiamen to China, where he remained until the Peace of Amiens in 1803. On his return at the outbreak of war, he was given the ship of the line HMS Belleisle, a good ship captured from the French in the battle of Groix in 1795. Joining Nelson’s fleet in the Mediterranean, Hargood participated in the chase across the Atlantic, and his ship was so worn out it required a refit at Plymouth, only rejoining the fleet two weeks before the battle on the 21 October.

During the battle, Belleisle was second in Collingwood’s division, following the flagship HMS Royal Sovereign into the enemy lines by just fifteen minutes, and when there held his fire until he was able to discharge both sides simultaneously into the Fougueux and Santa Ana. Belleisle was engaged continuously during the action, often fighting alone against numerous enemy ships, before finally attaching herself to the Argonauta, which she boarded and captured, but not before she was herself dismasted. Belleisle took almost 25% casualties, with 33 dead and 93 wounded, including Hargood, who had suffered severe bruising during the cannonade. Belleisle was lucky to survive the storm, only the constant attentions of the frigate HMS Naiad allowing her to be slowly towed back to Gibraltar.

William Hargood’s signature

Following the battle, Hargood, who had been unable to get a favourable commission until this point was suddenly inundated with offers, and after some lucrative shore duties, he was made a rear-admiral and given command of the Channel Islands squadron, which made numerous raids on the French coast and collected a lot of prize money. In 1811 he married Maria Cocks, and they lived happily together until his death despite their failure to have any children. Following the peace in 1815, Hargood retired from the sea, but retained shore duties, and between this date and his death twenty four years later at his home in Bath, he was made a vice admiral , Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath, a Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Guelphic Order, a full Admiral of the White and commander-in-chief of the Plymouth Dockyard. Throughout his life he also retained a close and personal friendship with William Henry, even after the latter became King William IV in 1830. He was buried in Bath Abbey where his much faded tombstone can still be seen, along with a lengthy epitaph on a mounted wall plaque.

Further reading

• Defiant and Dismasted at Trafalgar: The Life and Times of Admiral Sir William Hargood, Mary McGrigor,
  Leo Cooper Ltd, 2004, ISBN 1-84415-034-8
• The Trafalgar Captains, Colin White and the 1805 Club, Chatham Publishing, London, 2005, ISBN 1-86176-247-X

References

1. ^ 13 January 1780
2. ^ 24 June 1789
3. ^ 22 November 1790
4. ^ Rear Admiral of the Blue 31 July 1810, of the White 1 August 1811, of the Red 12 August 1812
5. ^ Vice Admiral of the Blue 4 June 1814, of the White 12 August 1819, of the Red 19 July 1821
6. ^ 13 September 1831
7. ^ 10 January 1837

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This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. (September 2007)

Podiyath is a Zamindar family based in Quilandy taluk in north Malabar, India. This family played an important role in the Indian independence movement especially in the state of Kerala. Even though the feudal days have become a mere memory, the Podiyath family members still keep up the prestige and dignity of the olden ages. The Ancestral house is a state of the art old Kerala style bungalow with more than 18 rooms in it. The house is situated in the middle of green paddy fields and has a beautiful family-pond near it. The wood-craft inside the house is eye catching and there is a temple of family goddesses inside the house.

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